Kuwongolera Kwabwino Kwa Kapangidwe Kachitsulo

Kuwongolera Kwabwino Kwambiri Kupanga Zitsulo Zopanga

Kudula gasi (kudula kashiyoni kapena kudula malawi) makamaka kukhale kudula kwa CNC, kudula mwatsatanetsatane, ndi kudula modzidzimutsa. Kudula pamwambako kukagwiritsidwa ntchito mopanda malire, kudula pamanja kungagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndipo zida zothandizira monga kupanga nkhungu ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Pa nthawi yomweyo, 3-The Machining chilolezo cha 4mm ndi makina kapena kusalaza ndi gudumu akupera.

Pazigawo za mbale zachitsulo zooneka ngati mizere, ting'onoting'ono tating'ono mbali zonse tizikhala odulidwa gasi nthawi imodzi kuti saber isapunduke. Pamene kuwotcherera gasi mopanda malire kumachitika nthawi imodzi, kudula gasi kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo 30-50mm imasiyidwa kwakanthawi pakati pa malekezero awiri ang'onoang'ono komanso pakati pa magawowo. Kerf ikazirala, dulani 30-50mm paliponse.

Kudula gasi kuyenera kuchitidwa papulatifomu yapadera, ndipo payenera kukhala mzere kapena kulumikizana pakati pa nsanja ndi mbale yachitsulo yodulidwa. Zida zonse zazikulu, pokhapokha zitafotokozedwa mwanjira ina, sizidzaphatikizidwa ndi zida zazifupi.

Zitsulo zonse ziyenera kufufuzidwanso molingana ndi zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito musanagwiritse ntchito. Ngati pali deformation, ndi zina zotero, njirayo iyenera kuwongoleredwa ndikuwongolera popanda kuwononga chitsulo. Kulumikiza zitsulo zovuta zitsulo ziyenera kukonzedwa kale.

Pazololedwa kupatuka kwa kuwotcherera, kupanga mabowo ndi kusonkhanitsa zigawo zazitsulo zamapangidwe, chonde onani "Malamulo a Zitsulo Zapamwamba" ndi "Malamulo Oyang'anira". Malo a splicing nodes a zigawo zazikulu adzavomerezedwa ndi kapangidwe kamangidwe.

Chitsulo Chowotcherera Kumanga Kwabwino Kuwongolera

Pre-weld preheating and post-weld heat treatment: Kwa ma welds omwe amafunikira kutenthedwa kale ndi kutentha kwapambuyo pa weld, kutentha kwa preheating kapena kutentha kwapambuyo kuyenera kukhala molingana ndi zomwe zikuchitika mdziko muno kapena kutsimikiziridwa ndi ndondomeko mayesero.

Malowa ali mbali zonse za weld bead, ndipo m'lifupi mwa mbali iliyonse ayenera kukhala oposa 1.5 nthawi makulidwe a weldment, ndipo sayenera kuchepera 100mm; pambuyo kutentha mankhwala ayenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga pambuyo kuwotcherera, ndipo atagwira nthawi ayenera kutsimikiza malinga ndi makulidwe a mbale, 1h pa 25mm mbale makulidwe.

Ndizoletsedwa kuyambitsa arc pazitsulo zapansi kunja kwa zone weld. Malo akumalo a arc kuyambira poyambira adzawotcherera kamodzi, ndipo palibe arc crater yomwe idzasiyidwe.

Mipikisano wosanjikiza welds ayenera mosalekeza welds, ndipo aliyense wosanjikiza wa welds ayenera kutsukidwa mu nthawi pambuyo kuwotcherera.

4 Chitsulo cha carbon structural chiyenera kukhazikika pa kutentha kozungulira mu weld, ndipo chitsulo chochepa cha alloy chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa mopanda kuwonongeka kwa maola 24 pambuyo pomaliza kuwotcherera.

Mu kuwotcherera mbale wandiweyani ndi fillet mfundo ndi makulidwe oposa 20mm, zomangamanga unit (kuphatikizapo kupanga ndi unsembe mayunitsi ayenera kuchita zonse zofunika kupewa laminar kung'ambika mu makulidwe malangizo.

Komanso, pamene mbale makulidwe ≥ Pamene makulidwe ndi 30mm, pofuna kupewa wosanjikiza kung'ambika mu makulidwe malangizo, pamaso kuwotcherera, akupanga chilema kudziwika zidzachitika m'dera la 2 nthawi mbale makulidwe kuphatikiza 30mm mbali zonse. cha centerline wa base metal weld. Sipadzakhala ming'alu, zolumikizirana ndi Zowonongeka monga delamination zilipo.

Pamene mbale yam'mudzi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito powotcherera, kuwonjezera pa kukula kwa kusiyana komwe kuli pamizu yazitsulo zowotcherera, zomwe ziyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za mapangidwe, mbale yochirikiza ndi yowotcherera iyenera kukhala yolumikizidwa kwambiri, kuti kuwotcherera kutha kusungunuka. mbale yotsatsira, ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira izi:

• Zofunikira zaukadaulo za mbale yochirikiza ziyenera kukhala zofanana ndi zowotcherera.
• Njira yokonzedweratu ya mbale yothandizira iyenera kukhala yofanana ndi ya zigawo zowotcherera.
• Pambuyo kuwotcherera kumalizidwa, mbale yochirikiza imachotsedwa ndi kudula. Gawo loyambirira la kugwirizana pakati pa chigawocho ndi mbale yochiritsira iyenera kusinthidwa ndikuyang'ana ming'alu iliyonse.

Powotchera pazigawo zophatikizidwa, miyeso monga maelekitirodi oonda, otsika kwambiri, osanjikiza, ndi kuwotcherera kwanthawi yayitali ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera kutentha kwa gawo lonselo kuti zisawotchedwe ndi kuphatikizika.

Mukawotchera mozungulira mbali zitatu ndi kuzungulira fillet, ngodya ziyenera kukhala zowotcherera mosalekeza. Mamembala achitsulo sayenera kuwotcherera ndi kupsinjika. Ma welds ayenera kupewa kuphatikizika momwe angathere.

Chitsulo Kukhazikitsa Engineering Construction Quality Control

1. Mukakweza gawo lachitsulo, gwiritsani ntchito njira yokweza mfundo ziwiri. Pambuyo pokweza ndikukhazikika, chithandizo chanthawi yochepa chimaperekedwa kuti chisasunthike ndi mphepo kapena mphamvu zina zakunja.
2. Kapangidwe kachitsulo kayenera kukhala ndi satifiketi yamtundu wazinthu ikalowa pamalowo, ndipo mapulojekiti ake ang'onoang'ono monga kulumikizana ndi kuwotcherera, kulumikiza kolumikizira, ndi kupanga zitsulo ziyenera kukhala zoyenerera.
3. Yang'anani kukhazikika kwa chigawo chokwezera, sankhani makina okwezera moyenera, ndikuwona dongosolo lokwezera ndalama komanso zotheka.
4. Chitsulo chachitsulo chiyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira ndi ndondomeko. Kusintha kwa kapangidwe kachitsulo ndi kupukuta kwa zokutira komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mayendedwe, kusungitsa, kukweza, etc. kuyenera kukonzedwa ndikukonzedwa.
5. Pakuyika mamembala amitundu yambiri kapena okwera kwambiri, kukwezedwa kwa gawo lililonse kukamalizidwa, kuyenera kukonzedwa molingana ndi zolemba zovomerezeka zapakatikati ndi data yoyezera, ndipo wopanga azidziwitsidwa kuti asinthe kutalika kwa mamembala. ngati kuli kofunikira.
6. Kwa node zomwe zimafunika kuti zikhale zolimba pamapangidwe, ndege ziwiri zomwe zimagwirizana ziyenera kukhala 70% pafupi ndi mzake ndikuwunika ndi 0.3mm feeler gauge. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa m'mphepete sikuyenera kupitirira 0.8mm.
7. Malo a nyanga ayenera kutsimikizira kulimba kwa pansi pa mzati, ndipo kakonzedwe ka nyangayo kuyenera kulola mzati kapena mazikowo kunyamula katundu wowonjezera.
8. Mzere woyikira pagawo lililonse uyenera kutsogozedwa molunjika kuchokera pamzere wowongolera pansi, osati kuchokera kumtunda wa gawo lapansi; kukwera kwapansi kwa dongosololi kuyenera kuyendetsedwa molingana ndi kukwera kwake kapena kukwera kwa mapangidwe.
9. Pambuyo pa kuuma kwa danga, kusiyana pakati pa mbale ya pansi ndi maziko ayenera kusinthidwa ndi konkire ya miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi grouting mu nthawi.
10. Chitsulocho chikatengedwera, kusungidwa ndi kuikidwa, kukhazikika kwapangidwe kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa, ndipo mapangidwewo sayenera kusokonezeka kwamuyaya.
11. Pakati pa zigawo zachitsulo zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi ma bolts amphamvu kwambiri, kubwezeretsanso sikuloledwa mwakufuna, ndipo kukonzanso gasi kumaletsedwa. 12. Kuti muwone kulondola kwa kukhazikitsa ndi zolakwika zololeka za zigawo, chonde onani "Malamulo apamwamba a Steel", "Steel Regulations" ndi "Inspection Regulations".
12. Maboti ophatikizidwa kale: Panthawi yothira, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti mabawuti a maziko azikhalabe. Pamagawo onse omanga, njira ziyenera kuchitidwa kuteteza mabawuti, ulusi ndi mtedza kuti zisawonongeke, dzimbiri komanso kuipitsidwa. Malo otetezera mabawuti okwiriridwa mazikowo ayenera kukhala aukhondo komanso opanda zinyalala.
13. Grouting: The grouting ya pansi mbale ya mzati maziko ayenera kuchitidwa pambuyo dongosolo ladutsa mulingo, mlingo ndi verticality mayeso, ali ndi chithandizo chokwanira, ndipo molondola ndi molimba kugwirizana ndi okhazikika kulumikiza membala. Danga pansi pa mbale pansi ayenera kuchotsedwa ndi kutsukidwa pamaso grouting. Grout yamalonda iyenera kukonzedwa, kusakaniza ndi kudulidwa molingana ndi malangizo a wopanga. Mayeso amayenera kuchitidwa ngati kuli kofunikira.
14. Mukakhazikitsa ndime yachitsulo, wongolerani kusalala ndi kuphatikizika kwa phazi la phazi, limbitsani mabawuti, ndipo dziwani kutalika kwa chitsulo chojambulidwa.

Kapangidwe ka Zitsulo Anti-Corrosion Construction Quality Control:

Pamaso dongosolo zitsulo utoto, ndi burrs, dzimbiri, oxide sikelo, madontho mafuta ndi ZOWONJEZERA pamwamba pa zigawo zikuluzikulu ayenera kuchotsedwa kwathunthu, ndipo dzimbiri ayenera bwinobwino kuchotsedwa sandblasting, kuwombera kuphulika, etc. kuchotsa dzimbiri kungatheke ndi ma motors amagetsi. , Chida chochotsa dzimbiri cha pneumatic chimachotsa dzimbiri bwino, pambuyo pochotsa dzimbiri pamwamba pazitsulo, chiyenera kujambulidwa mkati mwa nthawi yofunikira.

Pazigawo zomwe zakhala zotsutsana ndi dzimbiri, koma pali kuwonongeka, dzimbiri, kupukuta, ndi zina zotero, ndi zigawo zomwe sizinakhalepo zotsutsana ndi dzimbiri, ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi kukhudza kwa utoto. Zofunikira zenizeni ndi izi: gwiritsani ntchito epoxy zinc-rich primer monga choyambira chothana ndi dzimbiri, ndiyeno malinga ndi malo, pangani chosindikizira, utoto wapakati, ndi topcoat mu dongosolo.

Maboliti olumikizidwa pamalowo ataphwanyidwa, utoto wotsutsana ndi dzimbiri uyenera kuyikidwa molingana ndi kapangidwe kake. Kwa ma bolt omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito panja kapena m'malo owopsa apakati, kuwonjezera pakugwiritsa ntchito utoto wotsutsa dzimbiri, zolumikizira za mbale zolumikizira ziyenera kusindikizidwa ndi mafuta kapena putty munthawi yake.

Ulamuliro Wabwino Womanga Pamapangidwe Azitsulo-Konkire:

Pofuna kuthetsa kusagwirizana kwa malo pakati pa zitsulo zotchulidwa ndi zitsulo zamtengo wapatali pamtengo ndi zolumikizira zazitsulo muzitsulo zachitsulo-konkriti, kuti muzindikire kupitiriza ndi kulowa kwa mipiringidzo yayikulu muzanja kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba ndikuonetsetsa umphumphu wake, m'pofunika pokonza profiled zitsulo matabwa ndi mizati pamaso processing.

Chitani tsatanetsatane wa malo obowola azitsulo zachitsulo: Kuphatikiza apo, kuti mugwiritse ntchito kukoka bawuti pamene formwork imathandizidwa, mapangidwe atsatanetsatane a malo a diso lachikoka pagawo lachitsulo ayenera kuchitidwa.

Asanakhazikitsidwe chitsulo, malo oikirapo nyumbayo, nsonga ya maziko ndi malo ndi kukwera kwa ma bolts a nangula ayenera kufufuzidwa, ndipo mazikowo ayesedwe ndipo njira zoperekera ndi kuvomereza ziyenera kuchitika.

Mphamvu ya konkire ya maziko iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za mapangidwe asanakhazikitsidwe; malo ofotokozera a maziko a maziko ndi kukwera kwake kuyenera kukhala kolondola ndi kokwanira; kuyika kwachitsulo chachitsulo chodziwika bwino: kuwongolera kukwera, kuwongolera mayendedwe, kuwongolera malo, malo a nangula ndi malo othandizira ayenera kukhala olondola.

Chitsulo chothandizira mbale chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyika chitsulo cha profiled chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa pansi pa mbale yapansi ya phazi la phazi pafupi ndi bawuti ya nangula, ndipo magulu awiri a mbale zothandizira ayenera kukonzedwa pambali pa bawuti iliyonse. Kulumikizana pakati pa mbale yakumbuyo ndi malo oyambira ndi pansi pazanja kuyenera kukhala kosalala komanso kolimba. Musanagwetse mbale yapansi ya mzati, mbale yam'mbuyo iyenera kuwotcherera ndikukhazikika.

Kulimbikitsidwa kwakukulu kwa chitsulo cholimbitsa chitsulo chiyenera kulowetsedwa motsatizana ndi zotsatira za mapangidwe atsatanetsatane a malo olimbikitsa kwambiri. Ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti malo olimbikitsira kwambiri omwe amadutsa mu mbale ya flange ya mtengo wachitsulo wa profiled ndi wolondola, ndipo kukhazikika kwa gawo ili la kulimbikitsa kumafunika panthawi yonse yomanga ndime.

Pamene khazikitsa kulimbitsa waukulu kudzera profiled zitsulo mtengo kapena zitsulo thandizo corbel flange mbale, choyamba pochitika chilimbikitso kuti chilumikizidwe kudzera kulimbitsa dzenje kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba, ndiyeno ntchito lamanja lapadera kugwirizana ndi kulimbikitsa m'munsi.

The stirrups pa mfundo za chimango profiled zitsulo-konkire akhoza kukonzedwa mu manja otseguka chifukwa chikoka cha profiled zitsulo matabwa ndi zitsulo thandizo corbel ukonde. Factory pre-soldered) kuwotcherera.

Pakukonza mbale yachitsulo chokhazikika pamwamba pa ndime, m'pofunika kusungirako mabowo olimbikitsa malinga ndi zotsatira za kuzama kwa dongosolo lothandizira. Kuwotcherera kuyenera kudzazidwa ndi kusiyana pakati pa dzenje losungidwa ndi kulimbikitsa, ndipo pamwamba pa weld ayenera kusungunuka ndi pamwamba pa mbale ya nangula;

Ganizirani mozama kutalika kwa zipangizo, pangani zosakaniza zomveka, ndikuwongolera chiwerengero chazitsulo zazitsulo zomwe zili m'gawo lomwelo kuti mukwaniritse zofunikira za ndondomekoyi.

Malo olumikizirana zitsulo zachitsulo, katalikirana ka mipiringidzo, ndi ngodya ya zokowera zomangira zikuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za zomangamanga ndi kapangidwe kake, ndipo kuvomereza kobisika kuyenera kuchitika.

Chigawocho chisanayambe kuthandizidwa, waya uyenera kutulutsidwa pansi, ndipo malo a mzerewo ayenera kukhala pakati, ndipo malo olimbikitsa chigawocho ayenera kukonzedwa.

Kuthira konkriti Chifukwa cha kulimbitsa kolimba kuzungulira gawo lachitsulo ndi chikoka cha gawo lachitsulo chachitsulo pamwamba pa ndime, zimakhala zovuta kutsanulira ndi konkire wamba. Kusankhidwa kwa konkire yodzipangira nokha ndi katundu wodzipangira nokha komanso kudzipangira nokha kungathe kutsimikiziranso khalidwe la zomangamanga.

Liwiro lothira konkriti silingakhale ngati likuthamanga kwambiri, kutalika kwa phulusa kuyenera kuwongoleredwa pafupifupi 0.5m nthawi iliyonse, ndipo nthawi yotalikirapo pakati pa phulusa ziwiri iyenera kuyendetsedwa pafupifupi mphindi 15.

Mukathira konkire, gwiritsani ntchito nyundo ya rabara kuti mumenye kunja kwa mawonekedwe, makamaka ngodya zinayi za mzati, kuti muwone ngati konkire imatsanulidwa mwamphamvu, ndipo zimathandiza kuthetsa pores mkati mwa konkire.