Umklamo kanye Nenzuzo Yezitezi Zesakhiwo Sensimbi

Izitezi zesakhiwo sensimbi zidumile ngenxa yama-fulcrum azo ambalwa, umthamo wokuthwala okuphezulu, izimo eziningi, nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kobuchwepheshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayithinteki kalula ezakhiweni ezinjengamakholomu nephansi futhi iqinile futhi ihlala isikhathi eside.

Ipuleti lensimbi lezitebhisi ezishiselwe lishiselwe ngokunembile ngemva kokulungisa iphutha, futhi ingaphambili nangemuva lihambisana nesobunxele nangakwesokudla ngemva kokufakwa kwe-pedal. Zonke izinto ezisetshenziswayo nokufakwayo kunezingqimba futhi ziqondile. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinto zokwakha izitebhisi zokushisela, okuhlanganisa amashubhu ayisikwele, amashubhu ayindilinga, insimbi ye-engeli, insimbi yesiteshi, kanye ne-I-beam, futhi izimo nazo zihluke kakhulu.

Yini izi Isakhiwo Sensimbi Izitezi

Izitebhisi zensimbi ziwumkhiqizo wenkathi yezimboni futhi zazisetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ngaphambili. Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, ukuvela kwezakhiwo eziningi zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kubonakala ngezinye izici zobuhle: kusetshenziswe inani elikhulu lezinto zensimbi zezimboni, futhi izingxenye zesakhiwo zesakhiwo zivezwa.

Lezi zici zibonakala ezakhiweni eziningi, futhi izitebhisi zensimbi ziyisici esibalulekile esingaveza izici zayo. Izitezi zensimbi zangaphandle ze-Center Pompidou e-Paris zenza inhlanganisela ephelele ne-facade yebhilidi enjenge-scaffolding.

Izinzuzo zesakhiwo sensimbi izitezi

• Ithatha indawo encane.
• Ubuhle besimo. Izitebhisi zensimbi zitholakala emakhoneni amise okwe-U, ama-engeli angakwesokudla angama-degree angu-90, okumise okwe-S, ama-spirals angu-360 degree, nama-spiral angu-180-degree, anomumo ohlukahlukene nemigqa emnandi.
• Kuyasebenziseka. Isakhiwo sokhuni lwensimbi samukela ukufakwa kwamapayipi ensimbi, futhi kukhona amathambo ensimbi ahlukahlukene njengepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo nensimbi eyisicaba.
• Imibala igqamile. Kunezinqubo ezihlukahlukene zokwelashwa ezingaphezulu kwezitebhisi zensimbi, okungaba ukufutha okuzenzakalelayo kwempushana ye-electrostatic (okungukuthi, ukufutha ngepulasitiki), noma okufakwe uthayela ngokugcwele noma okupendwe ngokugcwele, okuhle futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside. Ifanele ukusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi noma ngaphandle. Ingabonisa ubuciko bezakhiwo zensimbi yesimanjemanje.

Insimbi I-Stairs Design

Izitebhisi amaphaseji avumela abantu ukuthi behle futhi behle ezindaweni ezimbili ngokushelela. Kufanele ibe nomklamo wesakhiwo onengqondo. Ngokwesilinganiso, isinyathelo ngasinye sezitebhisi kufanele sibe ngu-15 cm ukuphakama no-28 cm ububanzi; umklami uyadingeka ukuba abe nokuqonda okuphelele kanye nekhono lobukhulu, ukuze enze ukwakheka kwezitebhisi kube lula ukuhamba futhi kuthathe indawo encane.

• Ngokwesimo sangempela, ukuphakama kwezinyathelo zezitebhisi kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-18 cm futhi ububanzi kufanele bube ngaphezu kuka-22 cm.
• Ngokombono wobuciko bezakhiwo kanye nobuhle, izitebhisi yikona okugxilwe kukho kombono kanye nokugqanyiswa kobuntu bomnikazi.
• Uma sikhetha indlu, ubukhulu besikhala nokuphakama kwesitezi sekuvele kulungisiwe, futhi kunzima ukushintsha.
• Ukuze kube lula nokunethezeka kokukhuphuka nokwehla ezitebhisini, izitebhisi zidinga ukuthambekela okunengqondo. Umthambeka wezitebhisi uphakeme kakhulu futhi akulula ukuhamba, okuzolethela abantu umuzwa “oyingozi”. Uma kulula ukukhuphuka izitebhisi, kudingeka kube nesikhala esithile ukuze izitebhisi zinwebe.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezitebhisi zensimbi endaweni yokuhlala ikakhulukazi kuxazulula inkinga yesikhala esincane ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo. Endlini eklanywe umdwebi wamapulani waseJapane, izitebhisi zensimbi zakhiwe eceleni komgwaqo.
• Izitebhisi zigcwele amapuleti ensimbi egridi yezinyathelo ezingenalutho, futhi imishayo yezitebhisi ohlangothini olulodwa iyimboni kakhulu.
• Isakhiwo sibukeka sinezimboni kakhulu. yakha ubudlelwano besakhiwo obunengqondo.
• Esitebhisini sensimbi ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo eYurophu, i-sloping slope yenziwe ngensimbi yesikwele iyonke, futhi izingxenye zokwakha ezizungezile nazo zenziwe ngezinto ezifanayo.
• Ukubunjwa kwemigqa kanye nobudlelwane bokulinganisa kuye kwaba ukugxila komklamo wangaphakathi wesikhala.

Umkhuba wezitezi zesakhiwo sensimbi:

Thola ubukhulu bezitebhisi

• Thola inani lezinyathelo n esitezi ngasinye ngokuya ngobude besitezi esingu-h kanye nesinyathelo esikhethiwe ekuqaleni esingu-h, n=h/h.
• Ubude bokuqagela okuvundlile L bendiza bunqunywa ngokwenani lezinyathelo uN kanye nobubanzi besinyathelo esikhethiwe ekuqaleni b, L=(0.5n-1)·b.
• Nquma ukuthi uzoyimisa yini i-eksisi yesitebhisi. Ngezizathu zokuphepha, izitebhisi zezingane akufanele zidlule u-120mm.
• Nquma ububanzi besigaba sezitezi ngokuya ngobubanzi obuyinetha bezitezi kanye nobubanzi C besitezi, a=(aC)/2.
• Ngokuvumelana nobubanzi D1 ≥ a) yesikhulumi esimaphakathi (D1), ububanzi D2 yesikhulumi esiphansi (D2>a), kanye nobude obuvundlile bokuqagela L besitebhisi, hlola ubude benetha B bokujula kwezitebhisi, D1 +L+D2=B. Uma kungenjalo, lungisa inani L (okungukuthi lungisa inani B).

Ukulungiswa kwedizayini.

Uma isakhiwo sangaphakathi sitholakala ukuthi asihambisani nemidwebo yokuklama ngaphambi kokwakhiwa, ukulungiswa kufanele kwenziwe ngokuvumelana nesimo sangempela esikhona ukuze kunqunywe ukuphepha nokusebenza kwezitebhisi eziqinile zefreyimu.

Lungiselela izinto zokwakha.

Amaphrofayili ahlukahlukene namathuluzi wokwakha adingekayo ukwenza izitebhisi zohlaka lwensimbi kufanele alungiselelwe kusenesikhathi. Futhi asikwazi ukulungiselela izinto zokukhiqiza ezifanele. Kufanele sithenge izinto ezisetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze sizigcine.

Qala ukwakha.

Ngokusho komdwebo wokuklama we-attic steel frame staircase, amaphuzu abalulekile e-fulcrum amakwe futhi abekwe esizeni, futhi ubukhulu bezingxenye ezishunyekiwe bunqunywa.

Okokuqala bhekana nezindonga ezingalingani nama-sundries.

Gcoba bese uhlanza imigodi lapho imakwe khona. Ngemuva kokuthi ukuhlolwa kufaneleka, ama-bolts ezitebhisi zefreyimu yensimbi afakwe, futhi ama-bolts agxiliwe emigodini ene-chemical fixatives.

Ukufakwa.

Geza izimbobo epuleti lensimbi elishumekiwe kanye nensimbi yesiteshi ngokuya ngokuma kwebhawodi, bese ufaka ipuleti lensimbi. Ngemuva kokufakwa kwepuleti yensimbi, ukwelashwa okuthile okulwa nokugqwala kufanele kwenziwe, futhi upende ovikelayo wokugqwala ungaxutshwa.

Bese nquma ipuleti lensimbi lezitezi zensimbi ngendlela abayithandayo ukuze ulenze libukeke lilihle kakhulu futhi lilihle. Ngemuva kwakho konke, umsebenzi usuqedile, susa enye i-glue nopende ebusweni futhi uhlanze uma kunesidingo. Izitebhisi ezinjalo eziqinile zizofakwa.

Izinyathelo zokuqapha ukwakhiwa kwangaphakathi kwezitebhisi zesakhiwo

Ukuze ugweme inkohliso lapho ukhuphuka futhi wehla ezitebhisini, ukuphakama kwesinyathelo sokuqala kanye nesinyathelo sokugcina sezitebhisi kufanele kufane nezinye izinyathelo.

Ukuphakama kwesinyathelo esiphezulu sezitebhisi kuya ophahleni kudinga imvume engaphezu kwamamitha amabili, kanti ubuncane abukho ngaphansi kwamamitha ayi-1.8. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzoba nengcindezi.

Ibanga phakathi kwezinsimbi

Phakathi kwezikhungo zamarayili amabili kungcono kakhulu u-8 cm, hhayi ngaphezu kuka-12.5 cm, ukuze kuvinjwe izingane ukuba zingafaki amakhanda azo ngaphandle kwegebe.

Ukuphakama kwe-armrest

Ukhalo luyi-85 ~ 90 cm, futhi ububanzi be-armrest kufanele bube ngu-5.5 cm.

Ukuphakama nokujula kwezinyathelo

ukuphakama kwezinyathelo kufanele kube ngu-15-18 cm, futhi ukujula kwezinyathelo kufanele kube ngu-22-27 cm. Inani lezinyathelo licishe libe yizinyathelo eziyi-15. Uma iphakeme kakhulu, ungase udinge ukumisa inkundla yokuphumula ezitezi.

Ububanzi bezitebhisi:

lapho uhlangothi olulodwa lungenalutho, ububanzi benethiwekhi abukho ngaphansi kuka-75 cm; uma kunezindonga ezinhlangothini zombili, ububanzi benetha abukho ngaphansi kuka-90 cm.

Ukuphepha

Izingxenye zezitebhisi kufanele zibe bushelelezi futhi ziyindilinga, ngaphandle kwezingxenye eziphumayo nezicijile. Emindenini enezingane kanye nabantu asebekhulile, ukuthambekela kwezitebhisi kufanele kube kancane futhi i-rotation angle akufanele ibe nkulu kakhulu; izitebhisi kufanele zithathe izinyathelo zokunqanda ukushushuluza, njengemicu elwa nokushushuluza, amaphedi okulwa nokushushuluza, ama-anti-skid grooves, njll.

Ukukhanyisa izitebhisi

Ukukhanya okumnyama kakhulu akusizi ekuphepheni kokuhamba, futhi ukukhanya okugqame kakhulu kujwayele ukubenyezela. Ngakho-ke, ukukhanya ezitebhisini kufanele kube soft futhi kucace.

Isitayela sezitezi

Umklamo we-staircase kufanele uhambisane nesitayela sokuhlobisa.

Inkinga yomsindo wezitebhisi

Ihlobene nokuxhunywa kwezingxenye ezihlukahlukene ze-pedal, futhi akufanele ikhiqize umsindo owedlulele ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, ukuze ungathinti amanye amalungu omndeni.