Nyumba Zomanga Zitsulo

The Nyumba zomangira zitsulo ndi nyumba yomwe chitsulo chomangira chimakhala chonyamula katundu. Katundu wonyamula katundu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matabwa, mizati, trusses, ndi zigawo zina zopangidwa ndi gawo zitsulo ndi mbale zitsulo. Zimapanga nyumba yophatikizika pamodzi ndi kapangidwe ka envelopu monga denga, pansi, ndi khoma.

Chitsulo chomangirira nthawi zambiri chimatanthawuza chitsulo chopindika chotentha, chitsulo chachitsulo, I-mtengo, H-mtengo, ndi chitoliro chachitsulo. Nyumba yomwe zigawo zake zimakhala zonyamula katundu zimatchedwa nyumba yachitsulo. Kuonjezera apo, zigawo zokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala monga L-woboola, U-mawonekedwe, Z-zobowola, ndi machubu, zomwe zimakhala zozizira komanso zopangidwa kuchokera kuzitsulo zopyapyala, zopindika kapena zotsekedwa, komanso zigawo zonyamula katundu. opangidwa ndi iwo, ndi zipangizo ang'onoang'ono zitsulo monga ngodya zitsulo ndi zitsulo bala, etc. Structural nyumba, amene amatchedwa kuwala zitsulo kapangidwe nyumba. Palinso nyumba zoyimitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zachitsulo, zomwenso ndi nyumba zachitsulo.

Mphamvu ndi zotanuka modulus zitsulo ndi mkulu, zinthu ndi yunifolomu, ndi zitsulo kapangidwe nyumba ndi pulasitiki wabwino ndi kulimba, mwatsatanetsatane mkulu, unsembe yabwino, digiri mkulu wa mafakitale, ndi kumanga mofulumira, koma ali ndi kukana dzimbiri osauka ndi kukana moto. ndipo imafuna kukonza pafupipafupi.

Mitundu Yazomangamanga Zachitsulo

Nyumba yomanga zitsulo ndi yopangidwa makamaka ndi chitsulo. Zimapangidwa makamaka ndi zitsulo zachitsulo, mizati yachitsulo, zitsulo zachitsulo, ndi zigawo zina zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zachigawo ndi zitsulo. Zigawo kapena magawo nthawi zambiri amalumikizidwa ndi ma welds, mabawuti, kapena ma rivets. Nyumba yomanga zitsulo ndi imodzi mwa mitundu ikuluikulu ya zomangamanga. Chifukwa cha mapangidwe ake opepuka komanso osavuta, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mashopu akuluakulu, malo, malo okwera kwambiri, ndi magawo ena.

The zitsulo zomangamanga nyumba Mitundu imagawidwa molingana ndi mawonekedwe, ndipo imatha kugawidwa m'mitundu isanu ndi iwiri yazitsulo, monga zitsulo zosanjikiza, nsanja yachitsulo, ndi masitepe achitsulo:

  • Villa yowonjezera zitsulo zomangamanga: Mapangidwe akuluakulu, mizati ndi mashelufu ogwiritsira ntchito nyumba yachitsulo amapangidwa ndi zitsulo zozizira zokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala kapena zitsulo zophatikizika. Zigawo zachitsulo ndi zopepuka, zosavuta kunyamula, kuziyika, kusonkhanitsa ndi kupasuka, ndi kukulitsa.
  • Chitsulo kapangidwe masitepe: Njira yothandizira masitepe opangira zitsulo ndikuti zitsulo zokhotakhota za masitepe ndizo zigawo zikuluzikulu zamapangidwe, zigawo za masitepe zimakhala makamaka zopondapo zachitsulo, ndipo zitsulo zimakhala ngati mizere yokhotakhota yofanana ndi zitsulo zokhotakhota. masitepe. Makhalidwe ake ndi gawo laling'ono, kapangidwe kosavuta, mawonekedwe osasinthika, komanso kuthekera kolimba
  • Tower steel structure: nsanja ndi mkulu-nyamuka zitsulo dongosolo, structural chuma chachikulu ndi zitsulo chitoliro, nsanja chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito fakitale thandizo chimney, thandizo lalikulu nyumba, nsanja madzi, uinjiniya polojekiti, kulankhulana zomangamanga, ndi zina zapadera. zolinga.
  • Mlingo zitsulo kapangidwe: Mwa kutsanulira kumene matabwa olimba a konkire opingasa pa nyumba yoyambirira yachitsulo (gawo losanjikiza madzi osanjikiza ndi kampanda ayenera kuchotsedwa), chimango chachitsulo chimalumikizidwa ndi kapangidwe koyambirira, ndipo ma purlins achitsulo kapena ma purlins amakonzedwa. pa izo, ndiyeno matailosi pansi kapena Colour mbale zitsulo, ndi mawindo dormer ali pamwamba pa otsetsereka kumene anamanga kukwaniritsa mpweya wabwino ndi kukongoletsa.
  • Zosanjikiza zitsulo kapangidwe: Chitsulo chokhala ndi mbiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mtengo waukulu wonyamula katundu kuti ugwirizane ndi khoma lalikulu kapena mfundo zothandizira pamapeto onse a mtengowo. Chitsulo chojambulidwacho chiyenera kuikidwa pachimake chachikulu, ndiyeno chitsulocho chiyenera kuikidwa kuti chigwirizane ndi malo ozungulira, ndikutsanulira konkire.
  • Kapangidwe kachitsulo kolowera ndi kutuluka kwa malo ogulitsira: zofananira ndi dongosolo loyenera limatengedwa kuti likwaniritse ukadaulo wapamwamba, kapangidwe kake, komanso mgwirizano wabwino wa zomangamanga ndi kapangidwe. Pamwamba pa zitsulo zimagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wopopera mafuta wa fluorocarbon, womwe umadziwika ndi kulimba, kuwala, komanso kukongola.
  • Chitsulo cholowera garaja ndikutuluka: Mitundu iyi ya nyumba zamapangidwe azitsulo ndizopanga fakitale, kuyika malo, kulondola kwambiri, kuwongolera kwakanthawi kochepa, kupanga bwino kwambiri, kumanga mwachangu, mawonekedwe aukhondo, ndi mawonekedwe mwachisawawa.

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Zitsulo Zomangamanga Ubwino ndi Zoipa

Monga nyumba zachitsulo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mochulukira pamsika, anthu akuyang'ana kwambiri nyumba zamafakitale azitsulo, ndipo nyumba zamafakitale zachitsulo zili ndi zabwino zambiri, monga:

  • Kukana zivomezi: Madenga a nyumba zotsika zitsulo zotsika kwambiri amakhala ndi madenga otsetsereka, kotero kuti mapangidwe a denga amatenga katatu padenga lopangidwa ndi zitsulo zozizira. "Slab-rib structure system" ili ndi mphamvu yolimba yolimbana ndi zivomezi ndi katundu wopingasa, ndipo ndi yoyenera kumadera omwe ali ndi zivomezi zopitirira madigiri 8.
  • Kulimbana ndi mphepo: Nyumba zachitsulo zimakhala zopepuka, zolimba kwambiri; kukhala ndi kukhazikika kwabwino konse, komanso kuthekera kolimba kotsutsana ndi deformation. Kulemera kwa nyumbayi ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a nyumba ya njerwa-konkriti, ndipo imatha kupirira mphepo yamkuntho ya mamita 70 pamphindi, kuti moyo ndi katundu zitetezedwe bwino.
  • kwake: Chitsulo chopepuka chazitsulo zonse chimapangidwa ndi zigawo zachitsulo zozizira, ndipo chimango chachitsulo chimapangidwa ndi pepala lamphamvu kwambiri lopanda dzimbiri lopanda mphamvu, lomwe limapewa kuwononga kwa mbale yachitsulo panthawi. kumanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, ndikuwonjezera moyo wautumiki wa zigawo zazitsulo zopepuka. Moyo wa zomangamanga ukhoza kukhala zaka 100.
  • Wokonda zachilengedwe: Kumanga kowuma kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zinyalala. 100% ya zitsulo zopangira nyumba zimatha kubwezeretsedwanso, ndipo zina zambiri zothandizira zimatha kubwezeretsedwanso, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi chidziwitso cha chilengedwe. Zonse zimagwiritsa ntchito makoma okwera kwambiri komanso opulumutsa mphamvu, omwe ali ndi kutentha kwabwino kwa kutentha, kutsekemera kwa kutentha, ndi zotsatira zomveka bwino, ndipo amatha kufika 50% ya muyezo wopulumutsa mphamvu. Zipangizo zitha kukhala 100% zobwezerezedwanso, zobiriwira kwenikweni, ndipo zilibe kuipitsa.

Chitsulo Chomangira Chomangira

Single-span double-slope portal steel frame

Mizati yosinthika yagawo ndi matabwa a denga, ndizopanga ndalama zambiri. Denga lotsetsereka ndi laling'ono, lomwe limasunga kutentha ndi kusungunula mtengo wa malo osagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kutalika wamba ndi 15-36 mamita, omwe ndi oyenera zosowa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyumba.

Chitsulo chachitsulo chotambalala kawiri

Mizati yamkati idapangidwa kuti izipangitsa kuti nyumbayo ikhale yokulirapo, nthawi zambiri 36-72 metres yomwe imakhala yotsika mtengo.

Multi-span double-slope steel frame

Mapangidwe a chigawo chamkati amachititsa kuti gawo la chigawocho likhale lachuma, ndipo nthawi yomweyo limakwaniritsa zofunikira zakuya kwakukulu. Ndi dongosolo lazachuma la malo ogulitsira ndi nyumba zamaofesi azamalonda.

Multi-span multi-slope steel frame

Mapangidwe amitundu yambiri ndi otsetsereka ndi oyenera zosowa za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyumba ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito mokwanira malo apansi.

Mkulu ndi otsika span chitsulo chimango

Mizati yamkati idapangidwa kuti izipangitsa kuti nyumbayo ikhale yokulirapo, nthawi zambiri 36-72 metres yomwe imakhala yotsika mtengo.

Chitsulo chachitsulo chimodzi chotsetsereka chawiri

Mzere wofanana wagawo, kapangidwe kamene kamakhala ndi kumapeto kokhazikika, kumatha kupirira mphindi yokulirapo yopindika, yoyenera nyumba zokhala ndi crane load.

Single-span single-slope steel frame

Malo otsetsereka a denga laling'ono ndi denga la mbali imodzi ndiloyenera zosowa za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyumba monga malo ogulitsa, masitolo ogula, ndi malo ozimitsa moto.

Chophatikizika chachitsulo chimango

Mapangidwe azitsulo zachitsulo mezzanine ndi oyenera zosowa za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyumba, ndipo n'zosavuta kulekanitsa malo mkati mwa nyumbayi.

Mipikisano wosanjikiza chimango

Dongosolo lachitsulo lachitsulo lili ndi kulemera kochepa kusiyana ndi konkire yolimbikitsidwa ndipo ndiloyenera kumanga nyumba zamitundu yambiri monga ma workshop, nyumba zosungiramo katundu, ndi malo ogulitsa.

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